You are a certified public accountant (CPA) who is working with a small bakery to prepare their financial statements for three months of the current fiscal year. Because the company is a startup and so small, the accounting is done manually in Microsoft Excel. You have been given the accounts and information you need to prepare their financial statements, but you will need to use the accounting cycle to report accurate information to the finance department. The business owners have also asked you to summarize the company’s performance based on the financial statements.
Directions
Company Accounting Workbook
Use accepted accounting principles to follow and record your business transactions for a three-month period from the first step of the accounting cycle through the reporting process. You will build on your work from Milestones One and Two to complete your workbook using the Company Accounting Workbook Template (linked in the What to Submit section).
Your completed accounting workbook will consist of journal entries for each transaction and postings of transactions to account ledgers. You will develop a trial balance from ledger balances and adjust revenue and expense accounts, as necessary, to ensure that revenues and expenses are reported in the appropriate period under the accrual accounting method. The adjusted trial balance will be used to prepare the income statement, the statement of owner’s equity, and the balance sheet. After the preparation of the financial statements, closing entries will be entered to transfer earnings to equity and prepare temporary accounts for the new accounting period.
Use the instructions below to complete your workbook.
Record Financial Data: Use accepted accounting principles to accurately capture business transactions for October, November, and December using the data provided in the accounting data appendix (linked in the Supporting Materials section). You will need to address the following:
Accuracy: Prepare entries that are accurate in that they fully reflect the appropriate information.
Completeness: Prepare entries that are complete for each month, including transferring posted entries to T accounts.
Inventory Valuation: Prepare entries for the month of December to reflect the new line of products offered by the company, which includes using the data from the “Inventory Valuation” tab of the company accounting workbook.
Accrual Basis: Apply the accrual basis of accounting and prepare adjusting entries to ensure accurate accounting for expenses that lack transactions in the current period.
Unadjusted Trial Balance: Prepare the unadjusted trial balance portion of the “Trial Balance” tab of the company accounting workbook, ensuring that the total debits and credits match.
Adjusting Entries: Prepare the “Adjusting Entries” tab of the company accounting workbook.
Adjusted Trial Balance: Prepare the adjusted trial balance on the “Trial Balance” tab, ensuring that the debit and credit totals match.
Financial Statements: Create financial statements using appropriate methods based on accepted accounting principles. Be sure to prepare these financial statements in the order listed, as there are important interdependencies among them.
Income Statement: Prepare the income statement using the adjusted trial balance.
Statement of Owner’s Equity: Prepare the statement of owner’s equity using the adjusted trial balance.
Balance Sheet: Prepare the balance sheet using the adjusted trial balance.
Closing Entries: Complete the “Closing Entries” tab of the company accounting workbook by closing all temporary income statement amounts to create closing entries.
Post-Closing Trial Balance: Prepare the “Post-Closing Trial Balance” tab of the company accounting workbook in preparation for the next accounting period.
Summary Report
After you have completed preparing all the financial statements, analyze the statements and write a short report summarizing your findings. Use the template provided in the What to Submit section to complete your report.
Summary: Write a summary of what the financial statements indicate about the company’s financial health and performance.
Purpose: What kind of information would these financial statements provide to various aspects of the business?
Analysis: What is the company’s cash position, its net income as a percentage of sales, and its current liabilities to current assets position?
What to Submit
To complete this project, you must submit the following:
Company Accounting Workbook Spreadsheet
Your workbook should be completed and submitted as a Microsoft Excel file based on the template provided.
Project Summary Report Word Document
Use this template to submit a 1- to 2-page Word document summarizing the financial statements you created.
Supporting Materials
The following resources support your work on the project:
Resource: Accounting Data Appendix Word Document
This resource includes all of the existing financial information needed to complete your project.
Resource: Excel Basics
This tutorial from Infobase provides helpful information on how to use the basic features of Microsoft Excel. Use the table of contents to select the tutorials that best suit your needs.